Aaj hum kuch English mai kuch aisi common mistakes ki baat karenge jo easily avoid kari ja sakti hai. Jab English seekhne ki baat aati hai to humare dimag me aata hai ki hume kya-kya karna chahiye, jaise ki –
• English communication improve karne pe focus karna chahiye.
• English me sochne ki aadat dalni chahiye.
• Vocabulary sudharni chahiye etc.
Lekin shayad hi kabhi hamare dimag me aata ho ki hume kya nahi karna chahiye. Hum English ki in common mistakes par dhayn nahi dete.
Ye common mistakes in English kuch aese hai jo hum sabne anjane me kabhi na kabhi to bilkul kari hongi.
In mistakes ko karne ka matlab ye nahi hai ki hamare English kamzor hai kyuki Native English speakers’ bhi aese galtiya karte hai.
Ye bas kuch aese common English mistakes hai jo hume malum ho to hum nahi karenge. To chaliye aaj hum inhi ki baat kare or apko inke bare me bataye, taki aap inko abse repeat na kare –
Since or for ka use karne me kayi log kafi jada struggle karte hai. Kyuki ye dono point of time ko refer karne ke liye use hote hai.
Ayiye inke beech ke difference ko jane take ye common mistake in English hum avoid kar paye-
For: For ka use hum tab karte hai jab humko koi period of time ke bare me baat karni ho. Isme hum koi specific time ko refer nahi karte hai. Balki ek duration ya period of time ki bat karte hai.
Jaise ki- I am walking for 2 hours.
Yaha pe hum dekh sakte hai ki ek time duration (2 hours) ki baat ho rahi hai. Isme koi specific time nahi diya gaya hai
Since: Hum Since ka use un jagah par karte hai jaha par ek specific point ki baat karni ho. Hum iska use koi aese event ko darshane ke liye karte hai jo ki past me ho chuka ho ya fir jo past me start hua ho or present time tak chal raha ho.
Jaise ki- I have been walking since 9 am.
Yaha par hum dekh sakte hai ki humne ek particular time de diya hai(9 am), jiske sath humne since ka use kiya hai.
Jaise ki since and for ka use point of time ko darshane ke liye kiya jata hai vaise hi Much and more ka use kisi cheez ke increment ko show karne ke liye hota hai. Inka same context me use hone ki vajahse log isko lekar English me bahut common mistakes karte hai.
Much: Much ka use hum un cheezo ke liye karte hai jinhe count nahi kiya ja sakta.
Jaise ki- We didn’t expect much from him.
Ab hum upar diye gaye case me dekh sakte hai ki expectation ko quantify nahi kiya ja sakta ya gina nahi ja sakta, iska matlab ye uncountable hai. Isliye humne yaha much ka use kiya hai.
More: More ka use hum tab bhi kar sakte hai jab cheezo ko count nahi kiya ja sakta or tab bhi kar sakte hai jab cheezo ko count kiya ja sakta hai.
Jaise ki-
1) Be more careful.
Yaha pe hum care ko count nahi kr sakte fir bhi more ka use kiya ja sakta hai.
2) I want more bags.
Yaha pe bags ko count kiya ja sakta hai jiske sath humne more ka use kiya hai.
Jadatar log indono ko galti se ek dusre ki jagah par use kar lete hai, jisse ki sentence ka pura matlab hi change ho jata hai.
Aayiye is common mistake in English ko sudhare-
Affect: Affect ka matlab hai ki kisi person, animal, thing or place ke upar koi prabhav padna.
Jaise ki – A single person’s negativity can affect the bonding of the whole group.
Hum saaf saaf dekh sakte hai ki upar diya gaye example me hum negative nature ke pure group pe prabhav ke bare me baat kar rahe hai.
Effect: Effect ka use hum tab karte hai jab humko kisi ka result discuss karna hota hai.
Jaise ki- The horror movie had a bad effect on her.
Upar diye gaye example me hum horror movie ko dekhne ke results ki baat kar rahe hai.
Jo kuch is tarah ke words hote hai jo singular hote hai lekin tab bhi usme kahi-kahi s ya es ka use hota hai jaise (do, does), (like, likes), (go, goes) etc.
Aese words ko use karne me humlog kafi bar kayi galtiya karte hai.
Aayiye jane ki kaha kiska use karna hai or English ki is common mistake ko dur kare-
Verbs (jaise go, come, do etc.) Me hum ‘s’ ya ‘es’ hamesha third person singular me lagate hai.
Third person ka matlab jab hum he, she, it etc. Ka use karte hai.
Singular matlab jab humlog kisi ek hi person ya thing ki bat kar rahe ho.
Example ke sath samjhe-
Ye common mistake in English inti jada frequent hai ki aap logo ko rozana ye galti karte hue dekh sakte hai.
Jo words kuch aese hote hai jaise ki largest, strongest, weakest etc. inhe superlatives kaha jata hai. Ab log yaha ye galti karte hai ki vo in words ke pehle kabhi-kabhi “the” na use karke “A” ka use karte hai.
‘The’ ka use hum tab karte hai jab kisi definite cheez ke bare me bat ki jati hai.
Jaise ki- The table, The door.
Isme hum bata sakte hai ki kis table ya kis door ki baat ho rahi hai, isliye ye definite hai.
‘A’ ka use hum tab karte hai jab kisi indefinite cheez ke bare me baat kari ja rahi ho.
Jaise ki- a table, a door
In example me hum ye nahi bata sakte ki kis table ya kis door ki bat ho rahi hai. Isliye ye indefinite hai.
Aayiye ‘a’ or ‘the’ vali galtiyo pe nazar dale-
Incorrect: It’s a tallest statue.
Correct: It’s the tallest statue.
Yaha par ek specific statue ki baat ho rahi hai isliye the ka use kiya gaya hai.
Ye again ek aesa homophone hai jo ki log bahut jada use karte hai or utna hi jada isme galtiya bhi karte hai.
Aayiye in English ki common mistakes ko sudhare-
Principal: Principal hum kisi aese insaan ko refer karne ke liye karte hai jo ek high authority ke ko.
Jaise ki- Mr. Kumar is the principal of our school.
Isme hum dekh sakte hai ki humne apne school ke high order authority figure ko refer kiya hai.
Principle: Ye principle ka use koi rule ya moral value ko refer karne ke liye hota hai.
Jaise ki: He was a man of principles.
Isme hum dekh sakte hai ki yaha moral values ki bat ki gayi hai.
Hum kafi bar aese words me confuse ho jate hai jinke last me ‘or’ ya ‘er’ ka use hota hai.
Isme hum kabhi ek ki jagah par dusre ka istemaal kar lete hai jiski vajah se kafi spelling mistake hoti hai.
Chaliye isko example ke sath samjhe ke in English ki common mistakes ko dur kare-
Incorrect: Travelor
Correct: Traveler
Incorrect: Speakor
Correct: Speaker
Jis tarah hum principal or principle me bahut jada mistake karte hai vaise hi hum in 2 words me bhi kafi galtiya karte hai. In dono words ka matlab bhi hamare dimag me kafi twisted hai.
Ayiye in English ki common mistake ko sahi kare-
Lose: Lose ka matlab hota hai kisi cheez me fail ho jana ya haar jana.
Jaise ki- If you snooze you lose.
Upar diye gaye phrase ko observe krke hum ye dekh sakte hai ki yaha haarne ki baat hui hai isliye humne lose ka use kiya hai.
Loose: Yaha loose ka matlab hai dheela, ya fir kuch aesa jo tight na ho.
Jaise ki- This shirt is very loose for me.
Yaha h dekh sakte hai ki shirt ke dheele hine ki bat kri gayi hai isliye humne loose ka use kiya hai.
Ye English ki kafi jada common mistake hai, log kayi baar ‘childrens’ word ka use karte hai jo ki bilkul galat hai.
Aayiye jane ki aesa kyu hai?
Jab hum kisi ek bacche ki baat karte hai to hum child ka use karte hai, children ka nahi.
Isi tarah jab hum do ya do se jada baccho ki baat karte hai to hum Children word ka use karte hai, childrens ka nahi.
Children apne aap me hi ek plurl word hai, isme ‘s’ lagane ki koi jarurat nahi hai.
Jaise ki-
Incorrect: You have lovely childrens.
Correct: You have lovely children.
Aapne kayi baar ‘Until and unless’ phrase ka use kiya hoga koi condition rakhne ke samay par. Ab baat ye hai Ki kyuki is phrase me ‘unless’ or ‘until’ ka sath me istemaal kara gaya hai to log iska matlab ek hi samajhte hai or kyi bar ise interchangeably use karne ki bhul karte hai.
Ayiye English ki is common mistake ko dur kare-
Unless ka matlab hota hai ‘jab tak koi condition ya shart puri na ho’
Jaise ki – I will not go to her birthday party unless she apologizes.
Hum yaha dekh sakte hai ki ek condition ki baat ho rahi hai, isliye unless ka use kiya gaya hai.
Until ek ‘point of time’ ko refer karta hai yani ki ‘us samay tak’
Jaise ki – Wait here until 2 ‘o’ clock.
Yaha hum ye observe kar sakte hai ki ek point of time ko refer kiya gaya hai.
Until and unless phrase ka use tab hota hai jaha par koi condition bhi di gyi ho or ek point of time ko bhi refer kara gaya ho
Jaise ki – Shrashti is not allowed to go out unless and until she finishes her homework.
Ye 2 abbreviations (ya short forms) jitne jada hi commonly hum use karte hai, inka matlab utna hi jada twisted hai hamare dimag me. Chaliye english ki is common mistake ko dur kare-
i.e. ka matlab hota hai “that is” ya “in other words” ye hum kisi cheez ko aage or ache se explain karne ke liye use karte hai. Lekin kuch log iska matlab “for example” samajhte hai jo ki galat hai.
Jaise ki: I like mindful people i.e. people who are aware of their thoughts and emotions.
Is example me aap ye observe kar sakte hai ki yha mindful people ke “characteristics” bataye gaye hai yani ki us term ko or explain kiya gaya hai naki uska example diya hai.
Viz. Ka Matlab hota hai “namely”. Isko use karke hum kisi bhi cheez ke parts ko name kar sakte hai. Isko use karke hum examples nahi dete hai.
Jaise ki – There are 2 types of computer memory viz. Primary memory and Secondary memory.
Yaha aap dekh sakte hai ki humne computer memory ke example na deke uske names bataye hai. Isliye viz. Ka matlab, for example, nahi hota hai.
Kyuki ye teeno words bolne me ekdum same sound karte hai (jinhe homophones bhi kehte hai), kayi log in teeno me confuse ho jate hai or galtiya kar baith te hai.
Aayiye Rnglish ki is common mistake ko sudhare-
Their- Hum their use karte hai kisi Person, animal ya thing ko refer karne ke liye, ye batane ke liye ki koi cheez unko belong karti hai.
Jaise ki- It’s their home.
Isme hum dekh sakte hai ki Their ka use humne ye batane ke liye kiya hai ki ye ghar unko belong karta hai.
There- Jaise ki hum their ka use kisi person, animal ya thing ko refer karne ke liye karte hai vaise hi hum There ka use kisi Place ko refer karne ke liye karte hai.
Jaise ki – Go there and wait for me.
Isme hum dekh sakte hai ki humne There ka use kisi place ko refer karne ke liye kiya hai.
They’re- They’re ek contraction ya short form hai They are ka.
Jaise ki – They’re good people.
Isme hum dekh sakte hai ki they’re ka use ek group of people ko refer karne ke liye kiya gaya hai.
Than or Then ka use logo ko aksar confuse kar deta hai. Kabhi log Than ki jagah then or kabhi then ki jagah than ka use kar lete hai.
Chaliye aaj english ki is common mistake ko sudhare-
Than: Than ka use hum tab karte hai jab humko kisi tarah ka comparison karna padta hai.
Jaise ki – Reeta is much more intelligent than Ravi.
Isme hum dekh sakte hai ki humne reeta ko ravi se compare kiya hai.
Then: Ab baat aati hai then ki. Then ka use hum ek point of time ko refer karne ke liye karte hai.
Jaise ki- The decision was made by the then chairman.
Isme hum ye saaf-saaf dekh sakte hai ki isme ek pehle ke time ko refer kara gaya hai. Ki ye decision us samay jo chairman the unhone liya tha.
Ye to dekhne me hi itna confusing lag raha hoga to kafi common si baat hai ki ye use karne me bhi kitna confusing hoga. Isliye ye wali common mistake in English kafi frequent hoti hai-
Aayiye aaj aapki confusion ko dur kare-
Everyone: Everyone ek pronoun hai or iska matlab hota hai “sab log”
Jaise ki- I invited everyone for my birthday party.
Yaha hum dekh sakte hai ki humne collectively sabki bat kari hai.
Every One: Ab baat aati hai every one ki, iska use hum har ek individual ko refer karne ke liye karte hai.
Jaise ki: Every one of you needs to be in proper dress on Monday.
Upar diye gaye example me hum ye observe kar sakte hai ki har ek individual par bahut emphasize kiya gaya hai.
Hamari ek bahut common mistake in english ye bhi hoti hai ki hum kabhi kabhi jarurat se jada passive voice use kar lete hai, ya fir un jagah par passive voice use karte hai jaha nahi karna chahiye.
Passive voice ko use karne ka matlab hai sidhi baat ko ghuma fira ke bolna.
Jaise ki –
Passive voice: That book was bought by me.
Active voice: I bought that book.
Passive voice ko use karna grammatically galat nahi hota lekin iske jada use se log aapki baat ko samajh nahi pate hai or confuse ho jate hai.
Kabhi-kabhi to aesa bhi hota hai ki log sochte hai ki aap jo bolre hai vo aapko pata nahi hai isliye aap ghuma fira ke baat kar re hai, jisse aapki credibility bhi kam hoti hai. Isliye aap english bolte ya likhte samay is English ki common mistake ko avoid kare.
To jaisa ki aap dekh sakte hai ki english ek tricky language hai, isme aese kayi cheeze hai jo humko bahut confuse kar deti hai. Isiliye humko kafi observation ke sath aage badhna chahiye or upar diye gaye sare points aapko isme kafi madad karenge.
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